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  2. Implementing the Sendai Framework

A set of 38 indicators, recommended by an Open-ended Intergovernmental Expert Working Group, are used to track progress in implementing the seven targets of the Sendai Framework as well as its related dimensions reflected in the Sustainable Development Goals 1, 11 and 13. UN Member States report their progress through the Sendai Framework Monitor (SFM).

The online platform is also a tool to guide risk-informed policy decisions and to allocate resources accordingly towards reducing risk. 

The Sendai Framework outlines seven global targets to be achieved between 2015 and 2030.

View the targets.

  • Indicators

  • Indicators

    Global target A: Substantially reduce global disaster mortality by 2030, aiming to lower average per 100,000 global mortality between 2020-2030 compared with 2005-2015.

    TargetDescription
    A-1 (compound)Number of deaths and missing persons attributed to disasters, per 100,000 population.
    A-2Number of deaths attributed to disasters, per 100,000 population.
    A-3Number of missing persons attributed to disasters, per 100,000 population.The scope of disaster in this and subsequent targets is defined in paragraph 15 of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030 and applies to small-scale and large-scale, frequent and infrequent, sudden and slow-onset disasters caused by natural or man-made hazards, as well as related environmental, technological and biological hazards and risk.

    Global target B: Substantially reduce the number of affected people globally by 2030, aiming to lower the average global figure per 100,000 between 2020-2030 compared with 2005-2015.

    B-1 (compound)Number of directly affected people attributed to disasters, per 100,000 population.
    B-2Number of injured or ill people attributed to disasters, per 100,000 population.
    B-3Number of people whose damaged dwellings were attributed to disasters.
    B-4Number of people whose destroyed dwellings were attributed to disasters.
    B-5Number of people whose livelihoods were disrupted or destroyed, attributed to disasters.

    Global target C: Reduce direct disaster economic loss in relation to global gross domestic product (GDP) by 2030.

    C-1 (compound)Direct economic loss attributed to disasters in relation to global gross domestic product.
    C-2Direct agricultural loss attributed to disasters. Agriculture is understood to include the crops, livestock, fisheries, apiculture, aquaculture and forest sectors as well as associated facilities and infrastructure.
    C-3Direct economic loss to all other damaged or destroyed productive assets attributed to disasters. Productive assets would be disaggregated by economic sector, including services, according to standard international classifications. Countries would report against those economic sectors relevant to their economies. This would be described in the associated metadata.
    C-4Direct economic loss in the housing sector attributed to disasters. Data would be disaggregated according to damaged and destroyed dwellings.
    C-5Direct economic loss resulting from damaged or destroyed critical infrastructure attributed to disasters.
    The decision regarding those elements of critical infrastructure to be included in the calculation will be left to the Member States and described in the accompanying metadata. Protective infrastructure and green infrastructure should be included where relevant.
    C-6Direct economic loss to cultural heritage damaged or destroyed attributed to disasters.

    Global target D: Substantially reduce disaster damage to critical infrastructure and disruption of basic services, among them health and educational facilities, including through developing their resilience by 2030

    D-1 (compound)Damage to critical infrastructure attributed to disasters
    D-2Number of destroyed or damaged health facilities attributed to disasters.
    D-3Number of destroyed or damaged educational facilities attributed to disasters.
    D-4Number of other destroyed or damaged critical infrastructure units and facilities attributed to disasters.The decision regarding those elements of critical infrastructure to be included in the calculation will be left to the Member States and described in the accompanying metadata. Protective infrastructure and green infrastructure should be included where relevant.
    D-5 (compound)Number of disruptions to basic services attributed to disasters.
    D-6Number of disruptions to educational services attributed to disasters.
    D-7Number of disruptions to health services attributed to disasters.
    D-8Number of disruptions to other basic services attributed to disasters.The decision regarding those elements of basic services to be included in the calculation will be left to the Member States and described in the accompanying metadata.

    Global target E: Substantially increase the number of countries with national and local disaster risk reduction strategies by 2020.

    E-1Number of countries that adopt and implement national disaster risk reduction strategies in line with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030.
    E-2Percentage of local governments that adopt and implement local disaster risk reduction strategies in line with national strategies.Information should be provided on the appropriate levels of government below the national level with responsibility for disaster risk reduction.

    Global target F: Substantially enhance international cooperation to developing countries through adequate and sustainable support to complement their national actions for implementation of this framework by 2030.

    F-1Total official international support, (official development assistance (ODA) plus other official flows), for national disaster risk reduction actions.Reporting of the provision or receipt of international cooperation for disaster risk reduction shall be done in accordance with the modalities applied in respective countries. Recipient countries are encouraged to provide information on the estimated amount of national disaster risk reduction expenditure.
    F-2Total official international support (ODA plus other official flows) for national disaster risk reduction actions provided by multilateral agencies.
    F-3Total official international support (ODA plus other official flows) for national disaster risk reduction actions provided bilaterally.
    F-4Total official international support (ODA plus other official flows) for the transfer and exchange of disaster risk reduction-related technology.
    F-5Number of international, regional and bilateral programmes and initiatives for the transfer and exchange of science, technology and innovation in disaster risk reduction for developing countries.
    F-6Total official international support (ODA plus other official flows) for disaster risk reduction capacity-building.
    F-7Number of international, regional and bilateral programmes and initiatives for disaster risk reduction-related capacity-building in developing countries.
    F-8Number of developing countries supported by international, regional and bilateral initiatives to strengthen their disaster risk reduction-related statistical capacity.

    Global target G: Substantially increase the availability of and access to multi‑hazard early warning systems and disaster risk information and assessments to the people by 2030.

    G-1
    (compound G2-G5)    		Number of countries that have multi-hazard early warning systems.
    G-2Number of countries that have multi-hazard monitoring and forecasting systems.
    G-3Number of people per 100,000 that are covered by early warning information through local governments or through national dissemination mechanisms.
    G-4Percentage of local governments having a plan to act on early warnings.
    G-5Number of countries that have accessible, understandable, usable and relevant disaster risk information and assessment available to the people at the national and local levels.
    G-6Percentage of population exposed to or at risk from disasters protected through pre-emptive evacuation following early warning.Member States in a position to do so are encouraged to provide information on the number of evacuated people.
  • Global Snapshot of SFM

  • Global Snapshot of SFM

    Strong accountability is one of the cornerstones of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction. 

    A set of 38 indicators, recommended by an Open-ended Intergovernmental Expert Working Group, are used to track progress in implementing the seven targets of the Sendai Framework as well as its related dimensions reflected in the Sustainable Development Goals 1, 11 and 13.  

    As of October 2025 unless mentioned otherwise.

    Download PDF version of the Global Snapshot of SFM

    SFM in General

    Reporting status

    • 171 countries reported on the global targets through the Sendai Framework Monitor by October 2025.
    • 86 countries have reported on all seven targets. 

    115 countries have reported on all SDG-related targets (A-E).

    Target A: Disaster-related deaths and missing persons (excluding COVID-19)

    • Average disaster-related mortality per 100,000 population declined by 65%, from 2.11 in 2005-2014 to 0.75 in 2015-2024.
    • In absolute terms, between 2015 and 2024, the average annual disaster-related mortality stood at 41,000 persons.

    Target B: Disaster-affected population (excluding COVID-19)

    • Number of disaster-affected people Increased from 1,199 per 100,000 population during 2005-2014 to 2,824 during 2015-2024, an 104% increase.
    • On average, more than 123 million people were affected by disasters each year globally during 2015-2024.

    Target C: Disaster-related economic losses

    • Direct economic loss averages 0.28% of global GDP of reporting countries during 2015-2024.
    • Total direct economic loss worldwide has been reported to exceed US$ 1.1 trillion between 2015 and 2024.

    Target D: Disaster damage to critical infrastructure and disruption of basic services

    • From 2015 to 2024, 91,847 critical infrastructure units and facilities, including schools and hospitals, were damaged or destroyed each year due to disasters.
    • In the same period, more than 1.5 million educational, health, and other basic services were disrupted by disasters each year.

    Target E: National and local disaster risk reduction (DRR) strategies  

    • 141 countries have reported having national disaster risk reduction strategies (56 in 2015). 
    • 116 countries have reported having local disaster risk reduction strategies. Average percentage of local governments having such strategies in these countries is 72%.

    Target F: International cooperation for disaster risk reduction

    • International cooperation for developing countries remains limited, as developing countries reported US$ 2.5 billion of official development assistance (ODA) plus other official flows for supporting disaster risk reduction actions in 2024. 
    • 2,000 programmes and initiatives on DRR science, technology and innovation transfer, and 1,600 DRR statistical capacity supports, and 34,000 instances of DRR capacity development were reported.

    Target G: Multi-hazard early warning systems (MHEWS)

    • 125 countries reported having MHEWS (56 in 2015), with the latest average score of MHEWS coverage being 0.54.
    • 65 countries reported having MHEWS have self-assessed their MHEWS with “limited to moderate” achievement, 60 countries self-scored to have “substantial to comprehensive” achievement.

    Countries in special needs

    There are 44 Least Developed Countries (LDCs), 37 Small Island Developing States (SIDS), and 32 Landlocked Developing Countries (LLDCs) in the world. Here are the selected reporting statuses for these three groups of countries.

    Target A (2015-2024)

     RegionShare of mortality as a percentage of  globally reported total mortalityShare of population as a percentage of total population of reporting countries Mortality attributed to disasters per 100,000 populationMortality attributed to disasters per 100,000 population (Global)
    LDC28.7 %12.0 %1.760.75
    SIDS1.6 %0.5 %2.80
    LLDC20.8 %5.1 %3.36

    Target B (2015-2024)

     RegionShare of persons affected by disasters as a percentage of the globally reported total affected populationShare of population as a percentage of total population of reporting countries Number of persons affected by disasters, per 100,000 populationNumber of persons affected by disasters, per 100,000 population (Global)
    LDC15.6 %11.6 %2,8242,445
    SIDS0.8 %0.4 %2,685
    LLDC9.7 %5.2 %4,355

    Target C (2015-2024)

     RegionShare of direct economic loss as a percentage of the globally reported totalShare of GDP as a percentage of total GDP of reporting countries Average direct economic losses as a percentage of global GDP during 2015-2024 (Global)
    LDC12.91 %1.36 %0.28 %
    SIDS1.03 %0.34 %
    LLDC7.19 %1.03 %

    Target D (2015-2024)

     RegionNumber of destroyed or damaged critical infrastructure each year attributed to disasters
    LDC37,493
    SIDS606
    LLDC29,677

    Target E (As of October 2025)

     RegionNumber of countries that reported having national disaster risk reduction strategies in placePercentage of countries of each country group that reported having national disaster risk reduction strategies in placeNumber of countries that reported having national disaster risk reduction strategies in place (Global)
    LDC2964 %141 (72 %)
    SIDS2773 %
    LLDC2475 %
     RegionNumber of countries that reported having local DRR strategiesAverage percentage of local governments having DRR strategies Number of countries that reported having local DRR strategies, and average percentage (Global)
    LDC2452 %116 (72 %)
    SIDS1564 %
    LLDC2159 %

    Target G (As of October 2025)

     RegionNumber of countries reported having access to multi-hazard early warning systems (MHEWS)Latest average score of MHEWS coverageNumber of countries that reported having MHEWS, and latest average score (Global)
    LDC260.44 125 (0.54)
    SIDS170.56
    LLDC220.48
    Download PDF version of the Global Snapshot of SFM
  • Integrated Monitoring with the SDGs

  • Integrated Monitoring with the SDGs

    Both the Sendai Framework and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) outcomes are a product of interconnected social and economic processes. As such, there is a lot of synergy between the two policy instruments. In fact, Sendai Framework monitoring is intended to complement monitoring of 11 SDG indicators listed below.

    Integrated monitoring of the global targets of the Sendai Framework and the Sustainable Development Goals

    Goal 1. End poverty in all its forms everywhere

    • Number of deaths, missing persons and directly affected persons attributed to disasters per 100,000 population
      • SDG Indicator: 1.5.1
      • Sendai Framework Indicators: A1 and B1
    • Direct economic loss attributed to disasters in relation to global gross domestic product (GDP)
      • SDG Indicator: 1.5.2
      • Sendai Framework Indicators: C1
    • Number of countries that adopt and implement national disaster risk reduction strategies in line with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030
      • SDG Indicator: 1.5.3
      • Sendai Framework Indicators: E1
    • Proportion of local governments that adopt and implement local disaster risk reduction strategies in line with national disaster risk reduction strategies
      • SDG Indicator: 1.5.4
      • Sendai Framework Indicators: E2

    Goal 11. Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable

    • Number of deaths, missing persons and directly affected persons attributed to disasters per 100,000 population
      • SDG Indicator: 11.5.1
      • Sendai Framework Indicators: A1 and B1
    • Direct economic loss attributed to disasters in relation to global gross domestic product (GDP)
      • SDG Indicator: 11.5.2
      • Sendai Framework Indicators: C1
    • (a) Damage to critical infrastructure and (b) number of disruptions to basic services, attributed to disasters
      • SDG Indicator: 11.5.3
      • Sendai Framework Indicators: D1 and D5
    • Number of countries that adopt and implement national disaster risk reduction strategies in line with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030
      • SDG Indicator: 11.b.1
      • Sendai Framework Indicators: E1
    • Proportion of local governments that adopt and implement local disaster risk reduction strategies in line with national disaster risk reduction strategies
      • SDG Indicator: 11.b.2
      • Sendai Framework Indicators: E2
    SDG13 Climate action

    Goal 13. Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts

    • Number of deaths, missing persons and directly affected persons attributed to disasters per 100,000 population
      • SDG Indicator: 13.1.1
      • Sendai Framework Indicators: A1 and B1
    • Number of countries that adopt and implement national disaster risk reduction strategies in line with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030
      • SDG Indicator: 13.1.2
      • Sendai Framework Indicators: E1
    • Proportion of local governments that adopt and implement local disaster risk reduction strategies in line with national disaster risk reduction strategies
      • SDG Indicator: 13.1.3
      • Sendai Framework Indicators: E2

    Integrating with Voluntary National Reviews

    To learn more on how to integrate disaster-related data into the Sustainable Development Goals Voluntary National Reviews please see UNDRR Guidance for countries on disaster-related data for Voluntary National Reviews.

  • Sendai Framework Monitor

  • Sendai Framework Monitor

    The Sendai Framework Monitor was designed in close consultation with a broad base of stakeholders, and it was released as three modules in 2018.  

    • The first module allows for data entry related to the Sendai Framework global targets and indicators, agreed by all United Nations Member States.
    • The second module allows for data entry related to custom targets and indicators. This gives Member States the opportunity to develop their own nationally determined custom targets and indicators to support the monitoring of their National Strategies for Disaster Risk Reduction and produce national reports as required, thus demonstrating their progress in implementing the Sendai Framework.
    • The third module is an analytics module, which allows all validated information to be filtered for comparison by target, indicator, year and/or region and accessed as charts, maps and tables. This third module is publicly available and enables Member States to demonstrate their progress in contributing to the global targets and indicators of the Sendai Framework. It also shows how countries stand in their efforts on risk reduction as compared across time (e.g. with the period of the Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015) and space (across countries and regions).
    card cover for tutorials for SFM
    Tutorial videos for SFM
    These tutorial videos provide an overview of the Sendai Framework Monitor (SFM), guiding users through its key components.
  • Global Goal on Adaptation

  • Global Goal on Adaptation

    Climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction are similar in their aims and approaches. The Global Goal on Adaptation aims to enhancing adaptive capacity, strengthening resilience and reducing vulnerability to climate change, which is fully aligned with reduction of hazard, vulnerability and exposure, and enhancing capacity and resilience, as outlined in the goal of the Sendai Framework. Contributing to the achievement of sustainable development is explicit in both the goals.

    The last ten years has seen a steady progress in translating this goal from a broad aspiration into a measurable, actionable and accountable effort. The COP28/ CMA5 in Dubai adopted 11 targets under the UAE Framework for Global Climate Resilience  -  covering both thematic areas (water, food, health, etc.) and the adaptation process (assessing, planning, implementing, monitoring), guiding countries to build resilience. Two years later, and through an intergovernmental and multistakeholder process, supported by a group of experts, a total of 59 indicators were adopted at COP30/ CMA7, called as the “Belem Adaptation Indicators”.

    As both the Paris Agreement and the Sendai Framework complete their 10 years of existence, their respective indicators provide further opportunities for coherence and coordination.

Reports and publications

View more SFM resources