Plant Diseases

Viral, phytoplasma and viroid plant disease outbreaks refer to sudden occurrence of plant diseases caused by viruses, phytoplasma (syn. mycoplasma-like organisms) and viroids over large areas with significant impact on crop production or natural habitats (adapted from Nakashima & Murata, 1993; Hammond & Owens, 2006; FAO / IPPC, 2016; Rubio et al., 2020). 

A bacterial plant disease is the occurrence of plant diseases caused by bacterial microorganisms over large areas with significant impacts on crop and forest productivity or natural habitat (adapted from FAO, 2018). 

Fungal plant disease is the occurrence of plant diseases caused by fungal agents over large areas with significant impacts on crop productivity or natural habitats (adapted from Arneson, 2001 and Moore et al., 2019).