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A major drought occurred in late 2017, early 2018 in the Pampas of central-eastern Argentina, a major world breadbasket. The drought was linked to a mild La Niña event and intraseasonal modes of atmospheric variability. Several locations in the Pampas showed historical lows in precipitation during this event. Lack of rainfall was compounde…
Key messages
Implementation of EU WFD and EU Drought Policy;
Transboundary cooperation in Drought Planning and Management;
Development of a sound drought and scarcity indicator system;
Definition of environmental flows and establishment of a minimum flow regime (MFR) for drought periods.
This case study is a contribution to the GAR Special Repor…
Key messages
Droughts are a regular and not an exceptional feature in the region. They have significant adverse social, environmental, health, and economic impacts, mainly where rainfed farming is practiced and places where there are existing pressures on water resources.
These impacts have played a significant role in population movements, includin…
Key Messages
East Africa is one of the regions in the world most affected by droughts. Recent trends seem to show an increase in risk, while longer term projections do not provide clear trends for the whole region and for individual countries.
Most countries are low income, with some lower middle income countries. Some have diverse agro-ecological c…
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Natural resources depletion and crop failures due to droughts are widely reported in West Africa causing production losses, rising food prices, and increased hunger and malnutrition;
In places where dependence on natural resources and agriculture form the foundation of livelihoods, drought could lead to temporal or permanent migration o…
Key Messages
Drought early warning and information systems must be flexible and receptive toward the integration of new indicators and impacts as they become available and validated
Systematic collection of impacts must be treated in the same light as that of other drought indicators such as precipitation, temperature, soil moisture, evapotranspirat…
Key messages
Drought has been a major concern in Northeast of Brazil for centuries with major socio-economic and environmental impacts, especially in its semiarid lands. Nowadays, droughts are lasting longer and getting more severe, affecting various sectors of society, and becoming one of the major challenges in water management in Northeast of Brazil…
Key messages
Natural ecosystems of the country’s arid and semi-arid regions;
Salinization, spread of moving sands, dust-storms and dry winds, exacerbated by lack of water resources;
National action plan for drought management to be developed.
This case study is a contribution to the GAR Special Report on Drought 2021.
Key messages
Large spatially variable climate conditions between upstream and downstream of river basins needs special attention in mitigation drought risks.
Great temporal variability in hydrological conditions of transboundary river basins causing droughts and prolonged droughts have to be managed jointly among riparian countries.
Dams upstream t…
Key messages
Communication, awareness and outreach/ use available platforms and means for information dissemination to have a wider reach- localised consistent and common messaging, non-alarmist, factual and updated on regular basis;
Coordinated early action and government leadership is imperative;
Early warning that triggers early action saves los…
Key messages
Drought is becoming one of the major challenges in water management in countries of the Danube region (more frequent, more intense, no longer only associated with the summer months, various sectors under drought impact). In the last decades, droughts had large negative impacts on the economy and welfare of the people in the Danube region…
Key Messages
A uniform methodology with an extensive hazard modelling chain, supplemented with national data on exposure and past impacts, can enable national hotspot analysis and the assessment of region-specific drought disaster impacts as well as enable regional comparison regarding historic and future drought risks. In our case studies, the capab…
Key Messages
Drought early warning is one of the evolving climate risk management success stories in the Caribbean.
In a region deemed generally to have adequate rainfall (though with annual dry seasons), drought was not a hazard traditionally prioritised for risk reduction interventions. This changed with the severe 2009 to 2010 drought event, one…
Droughts have deep, widespread and underestimated impacts on societies, ecosystems, and economies. They incur costs that are borne disproportionately by the most vulnerable people. The extensive impacts of drought are consistently underreported even though they span large areas, cascade through systems and scales, and linger through time, aff…
Key messages
Droughts are defined as natural phenomena caused by a deficiency in water resources (e.g. precipitation, groundwater etc.), which represents a certain anomalous situation with respect to the long-term average over a certain period of time and specific area.
The Mediterranean basin is characterized by water scarcity, recurrent droughts a…